大使: 科斯坚科•尤里     
全名:乌克兰
人口: 4510万(UN, 2011)
首都: 基辅
国土面积: 603700平方公里(233090平方英里)
主要语言: 乌克兰语(官方),俄罗斯语
主要宗教: 基督教
平均寿命: 64岁(男), 75 岁 (女) (UN)
货币单位: 夫纳
主要出口货物: 军事设备、金属、管道、机械、石油产品、纺织品、农业产品
人均国民收入: US $3,000 (World Bank, 2010)
互连网域名: .ua
国际电话区号: +380

Ukraine: Tourism

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Ukraine Tourism Profile 2012

Analyse of the sector 30/11/2010
Economic recession affects Ukraine tourism industry
The economic recession which hit Ukraine during Q3 2008 had a negative impact on tourism development in the country. The Ukrainian currency fell by nearly 40% vs the euro in 2008, which largely affected companies with debts in foreign currencies. Currently businesses are looking for cost reductions which results in such measures as laying off staff or cutting working hours. Investment projects have either been delayed or stopped, due to the lack of resources and restrictions in bank lending. The challenges of the economic crisis are worsened by political inconsistency in Ukraine. All these factors had a major impact on the overall consumer spending affecting both outbound and domestic tourism.
 
Wizz Air is the first low cost airline to enter the Ukrainian market
 
The Hungarian Wizz Air is the first low cost airline to enter the Ukrainian market. In 2008 the company operated only domestic flights. Since January 2009 Wizz Air introduced flights to international destinations such as Katowice, Cologne, London and Oslo. Future plans of the airline include starting new routes to Italy and Spain. In 2009 Wizz Air plans to achieve one million Ukrainian passengers.
 
Infrastructure investments needed to host EURO 2012
 
In April 2007 Ukraine and Poland were chosen to co-host the European Football Championship Euro 2012. The government considers the Euro 2012 tournament a great opportunity for promotion of Ukraine for foreign direct investments and tourism. However, the current economic downturn slowed the pace of the infrastructure development. The state is seeking funding from private investors and international finance institutions in order to strengthen its airport, road and hotel infrastructure to be able to host one million football fans for the event held in four different cities. The EBRD provided a EUR400 million loan to reconstruct the highways linking Kyiv and the western border.
 
Winter resorts driver of tourism for Ukraine
 
The importance of ski resorts for Ukraine tourism industry grew substantially over the last two years of the review period. Bukovel had in 2008, 15 modern ski lifts with more than 50 kilometres of ski runs for beginners, intermediates and experts and there are plans to build an additional 278 kilometres of ski runs and 35 ski lifts by the end of the forecast period. Important investments are also affecting the hotel infrastructure with a four-star Radisson SAS hotel currently being built for a total investment of EUR70 million.
 
Good tourism prospects for Ukraine once the infrastructure is upgraded
 
Ukraine has excellent potential for tourism developments which can rely on natural attractions such as the Carpathian mountains in the west and the Black sea resorts in the south. However, the infrastructure needs substantial investments in order to support tourism development. The roads are in a poor state outside the main cities, while airports are very underdeveloped. The hotel system still relies on expensive Soviet-era hotels, which provide poor customer service and in many cases do not accept credit cards. The current economic downturn slowed investments, however, once the Ukrainian economy returns to positive growth, robust development of the tourism industry in the country is expected.

25/11/2010 Tourism Report Q4 2010

While the broader medium-term macroeconomic outlook across emerging Europe has improved considerably since the beginning of H209, when Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) was facing the worst macroeconomic crisis since the post-Soviet transition, we nevertheless maintain our view that the prospects for a demand-led recovery in Ukraine in 2010 are bleak. This will adversely affect Ukraine's tourism industry. The recession subdued arrival numbers in 2009, dropping by 12% year-on-year (y-o-y), and as the majority of arrivals come from the CEE, 2010 arrival numbers will not entirely rebound. For 2010, BMI forecasts growth of 7% y-o-y in tourist arrival numbers, a jump from 21.9mn in 2009 to 23.3mn. From 2011 to the end of our forecast period in 2014, we forecast the industry to return to doubledigit growth.

The majority of tourists arrive in Ukraine via road or rail. The country is well placed for land travel as it borders seven countries, including Russia. Transport via road is forecast to substantially outpace rail travel. This coincides with the visa liberalisation between the EU and Ukraine - so that EU citizens no longer require a visa to enter the country for stays under 180 days, and the fact that Ukraine's rail connections with the rest of Europe and Asia are in need of development. Positively, in November 2009 a memorandum of intent was signed between Slovakian Transport Minister Lubomir Vazny, Ukrainian Railways deputy director Micheal Kospjuk and Russian Railways president Vladimir Yakunin for the expansion and upgrades to the broad gauge line linking Ukraine and Slovakia. The line was originally built to transport Ukrainian iron ore to Slovakia's steel works in Kosice.

Ukraine is set to co-host the 2012 UEFA European football championship with Poland, and this event is a key driver for the country's tourism industry during our forecast period. Not only will it bring thousands of tourists to the country, but also the requirements to be chosen as a host for the competition include an array of infrastructure investment that can only be regarded as positive for the industry. European football's governing body UEFA said in December 2009 that it was satisfied with the progress made by four of the country's cities selected to host matches for the 2012 football championship. UEFA had given Ukraine until November 2009 to make progress on building work on the Olympic Stadium in Kyiv, airports and other infrastructure. However, the final decision of whether the country will host the championship will be made in 2011. UEFA will be carrying out a progress inspection in 2010, warning that developments must be on track for June 2011 completion, otherwise it will relocate the tournament. There is serious danger of Ukraine being behind schedule as investment sources for much of the required infrastructure are difficult to pinpoint. Of particular concern is the construction of hotels, with reports on the ground highlighting the inadequate progress and even rumours that some visitors are to be housed in tents. Former president Viktor Yushchenko controversially torpedoed legislation in December 2009 that would have allowed the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) to pump UAH10bn into infrastructure preparation.

Hungarian budget airline Wizz Air started offering services in Ukraine in 2008 and we expects the trend of low-cost carriers in the country to increase in the coming years. The authorities at Boryspil International Airport, which serves Kyiv, are constructing another terminal exclusively for budget airlines. This would be a positive development in our view, as it would drive down fare prices, making travel within, to and from Ukraine more affordable, increasing tourism numbers. Wizz Air's entrance to the market has already caused the largest Ukrainian carrier, Aerosvit, to reduce fares. The January 2010 presidential election, the country's first since 2004's Orange Revolution, had the potential to destabilise Ukraine politically but turned out better than expected, with political risk continuing to subside. The new president, Viktor Yanukovych, successfully formed a coalition government in March and the coalition government obtained a new US$16.4bn Stand-By Arrangement from the IMF, after its original loan was suspended in November 2009, all of which are positive steps for stability.

Tourism Report Q4 2010