Hungary: Hungary Energy Profile 2012
2012/03/13
Hungary Energy Profile 2012
In terms of natural gas, the region in 2010 consumed an estimated 638.6bcm, with demand of 728.8bcm targeted for 2014, representing 14.1% growth. Production of an estimated 788.4bcm in 2010 should reach 936.4bcm in 2014, which implies net exports rising from an estimated 149.8bcm in 2010 to 207.5bcm by the end of the period. Hungary’s share of consumption in 2010 is an estimated 1.64%, which is forecast to rise to 1.89% by 2014. Its contribution to gas production is not significant, with no improvement expected over the forecast period.
For 2010 as a whole, an average OPEC basket price of US$83.00/bbl (+36.4% yo- y). Risk is now clearly on the downside, thanks to the slow progress made during June. However, a full year outturn in excess of US$80 remains a strong possibility and we see no need to review our assumptions at this point. The 2010 US WTI price is now put at US$87.63/bbl. BMI is assuming an OPEC basket price of US$85.00/bbl in 2011, with WTI averaging US$89.74. Our central assumption for 2012 and beyond is an OPEC price averaging US$90.00/bbl, delivering WTI at just over US$95.00. For 2010, the BMI assumption for premium unleaded gasoline is an average global price of US$95.45/bbl. The overall y-o-y rise in 2010 gasoline prices is put at 36%. Gasoil in 2010 is expected to average US$93.23/bbl. The full-year outturn represents a 35% increase from the 2009 level. For 2010, the annual jet price level is forecast to be US$95.90/bbl. This compares with US$70.66/bbl in 2009. The 2010 average naphtha price is put by BMI at US$83.53/bbl, up 41% from the previous year’s level.
Hungarian real GDP is assumed to have risen by 1.1% in 2010. Assuming average annual growth of 2.8% in 2010-2014. Hungarian oil consumption reached an estimated 165,000b/d in 2010. We are expecting a gradual, ongoing recovery, held back by the near-term economic outlook, with consumption reaching no more than 174,000b/d by 2014. Domestic production, which is largely in the hands of former state company MOL, is not expected to recover from this decline, with steady slippage leading to higher import volumes, reaching 148,000b/d by 2014. Gas demand is forecast to increase from an estimated 10.5bcm in 2010 to around 13.8bcm in 2014 – implying that net gas imports will reach 11.8bcm by the end of the forecast period.
Between 2010 and 2019, a forecasting an increase in Hungarian oil consumption of 13.7%, with import volumes rising steadily from an estimated 130,000b/d to 170,000b/d by the end of the 10-year forecast period. Gas consumption is expected to rise from an estimated 10.5bcm to 17.5bcm by 2019, met largely by imports.
The country’s minimal oil and gas reserves and poor production outlook work against the country, but are offset by privatisation progress, the competitive/regulatory environment and reasonable country risk factors.
Refining capacity is among the region’s lowest, with low scores for likely capacity expansion and oil and gas demand growth. Population and GDP per capita also work against Hungary.
Mining in Hungary include its fertile soils and its favorable climate, which are a great boost to agriculture.. 65 per cent of the land is covered by farms and nearly 20 per cent of land is forested. Hence, the country imports large amounts of timber.
The country has limited deposits of minerals, such as coal, iron ore, manganese, natural gas, and oil. Bauxite, which is the source of aluminum, is the chief mineral mined in the country. Additional supplies of minerals have to be imported.
Uranium is the country’s main source of nuclear energy, and was discovered in the Mecsek Mountains near Pecs in the early 20th century. Soviet Union assisted Hungary in developing its uranium mines. Extra electrical power is imported as the country does not produce enough electric power to meet its needs. Nuclear reactors have been constructed since the late 20th century, which have hence helped in diminishing the country’s dependence on imported oil and coal.
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