Finland: Finland Geography Profile 2012
2012/03/12
Finland Geography Profile 2012
Water
Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia
64 00 N, 26 00 E
Europe
slightly smaller than Montana
2,654 km
Climate
Finland has a subpolar type of climate, which increases in severity toward the north. In the south the climate is tempered by the sea. Winters are long and cold—average February temperatures vary from about 5° F. (-15° C.) in the north to 20° F. (-7° C.) in the south. Summers are short and cool—July temperatures average about 55° F. (13° C.) in the north and 63° F. (17° C.) in the south.
Finland's annual precipitation varies from 20 to 25 inches (510 to 630 mm). Snow cover lasts from about 90 days in land to 250 days above the Arctic Circle.
Daylight hours are extremely long in summer and short in winter. Above the Arctic Circle there are more than 50 days of uninterrupted winter night and more than 70 days of continuous summer daylight. This part of Finland is within the region often called the Land of the Midnight Sun.
mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills
timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, limestone
NA
air pollution from manufacturing and power plants contributing to acid rain; water pollution from industrial wastes, agricultural chemicals; habitat loss threatens wildlife populations
long boundary with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national capital on European continent; population concentrated on small southwestern coastal plain
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