Africa People Statement

The people of Africa has increased rapidly over the completed 40 years, and thus a relatively young people. In some African states half or additional of the people is under 25 years. Africa s people rose from 221 million in 1950 to 1.13 billion people in 2014.

Bantu languages (part of the Niger-Congo family) are the majority in southern, central and east Africa proper. But there are as well several Nilotic groups in East Africa and some other indigenous Khoisan (\'San\' or \'Bushmen\') and Pygmy peoples in southern and central Africa, respectively. Bantu-speaking Africans as well predominate in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea, and found in parts of southern Cameroon. In the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa, the distinct people known as Bushmen (as well \"San\", closely related, but distinct from \"Hottentots\") have long been present. The San are physically distinct from other Africans and indigenous peoples of southern Africa. Pygmies are the pre-Bantu indigenous peoples of Central Africa.

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European colonisation as well brought sizeable groups of Asians, particularly people from the Indian subcontinent, to British colonies. Large Indian communities are found in South Africa, and smaller ones are present in Kenya, Tanzania, and some other southern and East African nations. The large Indian community in Uganda was expelled by the dictator Idi Amin in 1972, though a lot of have since returned. The islands in the Indian Ocean are as well populated primarily by people of Asian origin, often mixed with Africans and Europeans.

The peoples of West Africa primarily speak Niger–Congo languages, though some Nilo-Saharan and Afro-Asiatic speaking groups are also found. The Niger–Congo speaking Yoruba, Igbo, Fulani, Akan and Wolof ethnic groups are the largest and most influential. In the central Sahara, Mandinka or Mande groups are most significant, and in east Central Africa Nilo-Saharan-speaking groups such as the Zaghawa, Baya, Kanuri and Sao predominate. Chadic-speaking groups, including the Hausa, are found in more northerly parts of the region nearest to the Sahara.

The peoples of North Africa comprise three main groups: Berbers in the northwest, Egyptians and Libyans in northeast, and Nilo-Saharan-speaking peoples in the east. The Arabs who arrived in the 7th century introduced the Arabic language and Islam to the region, initiating a process of ethnic and linguistic Arabization of the region's inhabitants. The Semitic Phoenicians (who founded Carthage) and Hyksos, the Indo-Iranian Alans, the Indo-European Greeks, Romans and Vandals settled in North Africa as well. Berber-speaking populations still make significant communities within Morocco and Algeria and are still also present in smaller numbers in Tunisia and Libya.

The Berber-speaking Tuareg and other often-nomadic peoples are the principal inhabitants of the Saharan interior of North Africa. In Mauritania, There is a small but near extinct Berber community and Niger–Congo-speaking peoples in the South, though in both regions Arabic and Arab culture predominates. In Sudan, although Arabic and Arab culture predominates, it is mostly inhabited by originally Nilo-Saharan-speaking groups such as the Nubians, Nuba, Fur and Zaghawa who over the centuries have variously intermixed with migrants from the Arabian peninsula. Small communities of Afro-Asiatic-speaking Beja nomads can also be found in Egypt and Sudan.

In the Horn of Africa, Afro-Asiatic speaking groups predominate. Ethiopian and Eritrean groups like the Amhara and Tigrayans (collectively known as Habesha) speak languages from the Semitic branch of Afro-Asiatic language family, while the Oromo and Somali speak languages from the Cushitic branch of Afro-Asiatic. In southern Ethiopia and Eritrea, Nilotic peoples related to those in South Sudan are also found, while Bantu and Bushmanoid ethnic minorities inhabit parts of southern Somalia.

Prior to the decolonization movements of the post-World War II era, Europeans were represented in every part of Africa.Decolonisation during the 1960s and 1970s often resulted in the mass emigration of European-descended settlers out of Africa – especially from Algeria and Morocco (1.6 million pieds-noirs in North Africa), Kenya, Congo,Rhodesia, Mozambique and Angola.[14] By the end of 1977, more than one million Portuguese were thought to have returned from Africa. Nevertheless, White Africans remain an important minority in many African states, particularly South Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia and Réunion.

The African country with the largest White African population is South Africa.The Afrikaners, the British diaspora and the Coloureds are the largest European-descended groups in Africa today.

European colonization also brought sizable groups of Asians, particularly people from the Indian subcontinent, to British colonies. Large Indian communities are found in South Africa, and smaller ones are present in Kenya, Tanzania, and some other southern and East African countries. The large Indian community in Uganda was expelled by the dictator Idi Amin in 1972, though many have since returned.

The islands in the Indian Ocean are also populated primarily by people of Asian origin, often mixed with Africans and Europeans. The Malagasy people of Madagascar are an Austronesian people, but those along the coast are generally mixed with Bantu, Arab, Indian and European origins. Malay and Indian ancestries are also important components in the group of people known in South Africa as Cape Coloureds (people with origins in two or more races and continents). During the 20th century, small but economically important communities of Lebanese and Chinese have also developed in the larger coastal cities of West and East Africa, respectively.